Transformation from University 1.0 to University 5.0: The Strategic Options for Higher Education Development in Bangladesh

Abstract

The evolution of higher education from University 1.0 to University 5.0 reflects the dynamic interplay between societal needs, technological advancements, and global challenges. This review explores the historical progression of universities in Bangladesh, analyzing how each phase addressed shifting demands from the teaching-centric model of University 1.0 to the human-centered, ethically driven framework of University 5.0. The paper examines the current state of higher education, highlighting systemic challenges such as resource constraints, skill mismatches, and disparities in quality between urban and rural institutions. Drawing on global best practices and local contexts, the review outlines strategic pathways for transitioning Bangladeshi universities toward the University 5.0 model. Key recommendations include fostering industry-academia collaborations, integrating sustainability into education, modernizing curricula with emerging technologies, and enhancing global competitiveness. This transformation is vital to position Bangladesh's higher education system as a catalyst for sustainable development, innovation, and inclusive growth, ensuring its alignment with global educational trends and national priorities.