Rivalry of India and China in the Indian Ocean: Challenges for South Asian Littoral States

Abstract

The geographical proximity of India and China to the Indian Ocean has set the stage for a unique geopolitical situation. The bordering states of the Indian Ocean, a region of contrast in terms of politics, population, and economy, has given rise to a complex geopolitical framework where interests of the local states and foreign nations intersect. In the 21st century, the Indian Ocean has risen to prominence in terms of global trade and geopolitical focus. The different political ideologies of India and China shape their strategic perceptions and orientation. The conflict between India and China will have an impact on the economic and political connectivity of neighboring states, and China’s increasing influence in the region of the Indian Ocean will change the geopolitical dynamics of the bordering nations. Mutual dialogue should be highlighted for building confidence and identifying the areas of cooperation between India, China and their neighboring states.