CHITTAGONG INDEPENDENT UNIVERSITY (CIU)
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CIU Journal
ISSN (Print): 2664-0457
ISSN (Online): 2664-0465
CIU Journal (Chittagong Independent University Journal), a double blind peer-reviewed journal, is published in hard and soft forms in December every year. However, a submission is welcomed any time of the year. CIU journal promises to an esteemed outlet for showcasing high-quality research related to all branches of contemporary knowledge – natural sciences, social sciences, liberal arts, engineering, business and law.
The CIU journal is destined to advance the contemporary theoretical and empirical knowledge through publication and dissemination of innovative research articles to the scholarly community with special emphasis on Bangladesh and other emerging economies of the world. Thus, the CIU Journal is multidisciplinary in scope and is open to all research methods including qualitative, quantitative and mixed approaches. The CIU Journal publishes empirical papers, conceptual papers, review papers, case studies, research notes, practitioners’ perspectives and book reviews.
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Item Book Review- Andrew Sartori, Bengal in Global Concept History: Culturalism in the Age of Capital, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008, 288 pp., ISBN 0226734862(CIU Journal, 2025-12-19) Calvin GonsalvesBengal in Global Concept History: Culturalism in the Age of CapitalItem Application of Comparative Constitutional Law in the Constitutional Law of Bangladesh: Special Focus on Judicial Transplant(CIU Journal, 2025-12-19) Md. Rakibul Hasan RoniConstitutional law discourse is of significant importance in domestic law jurisprudence as well as the international realm. At the same time, comparative constitutional law adds a new dimension to the discourse. In this modern era, isolation from the influence of comparative constitutional law (CCL) is not possible. Bangladesh is gradually evolving amid this wind of change in the comparative constitutional law domain. Constitutional borrowing and constitutional transplant opened a new doorway for Bangladesh to borrow other countries’ concepts of constitutional law, which fit within our cultural relativism. From the beginning of the constitutional journey of Bangladesh, the Constitution of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh was influenced by CCL. The constituent assembly followed the current trend of CCL. Moreover, countries like Ireland, the UK, the USA, India, Pakistan, etc., influenced the shaping of the constitutional jurisprudence of Bangladesh. The evolution of concepts like Locus standi, legitimate expectation, public interest litigation, writ jurisdiction, public trust doctrine, and judicial activism helped Bangladesh establish the rule of law and provide justice to its people. However, there are practical ramifications to the abusive use of comparative constitutional law.Item Making Government Work: An Analysis of the Regimes and Reforms in Bangladesh, 1971-2021(CIU Journal, 2025-12-19) Moslehuddin Chowdhury KhaledThis paper analyzes the trajectory of public sector reforms, presenting a historical and critical analysis of administrative or governmental management reforms in Bangladesh from 1971 to 2021. It categorizes reform efforts focusing on how various political regimes and institutional actors have approached the challenge of improving management in government. The analysis reveals that despite a multitude of reform commissions and policy interventions over the decades, actual improvements in the quality of governance and service delivery have been limited. The work highlights systemic challenges and failures in implementation. A central argument is that reforms in Bangladesh have largely been top-down, fragmented, and disconnected from the realities of administrative practice and citizen service. The paper emphasizes that these reform efforts often lacked continuity, political ownership, and a citizen-centric focus. It also highlights the need for a shift from externally driven, prescriptive models to citizen-centric, context-specific strategies grounded in management principles. The recent reforms of the post-2024 revolution are out of scope for the current paper and are subject to further research.Item Transformation from University 1.0 to University 5.0: The Strategic Options for Higher Education Development in Bangladesh(CIU Journal, 2025-12-19) Fakrul Islam; Dr. Bashir Ahmed Bhuiyan; Riju AhmedThe evolution of higher education from University 1.0 to University 5.0 reflects the dynamic interplay between societal needs, technological advancements, and global challenges. This review explores the historical progression of universities in Bangladesh, analyzing how each phase addressed shifting demands from the teaching-centric model of University 1.0 to the human-centered, ethically driven framework of University 5.0. The paper examines the current state of higher education, highlighting systemic challenges such as resource constraints, skill mismatches, and disparities in quality between urban and rural institutions. Drawing on global best practices and local contexts, the review outlines strategic pathways for transitioning Bangladeshi universities toward the University 5.0 model. Key recommendations include fostering industry-academia collaborations, integrating sustainability into education, modernizing curricula with emerging technologies, and enhancing global competitiveness. This transformation is vital to position Bangladesh's higher education system as a catalyst for sustainable development, innovation, and inclusive growth, ensuring its alignment with global educational trends and national priorities.Item The Distressing Ethnic Dissection of the Hazaras in The Kite Runner(CIU Journal, 2025-12-19) Kazi Md. Siful AspeaIn The Kite Runner (2003), Khaled Hosseini draws a very distressing enquiry of ethnic and sectarian divisions in Afghanistan, focusing particularly on the age-long systematic marginalization of the Hazara ethnic minority in Afghan society. Hosseini’s representation of the Hazara community in the novel exposes the betrayal and the silence that embody both personal and structural state injustice which are internalized as the social and political stratification in Afghanistan. By analyzing the characters from the Hazara community, as depicted in the novel, this paper aims to expose the deeply implanted social hierarchies and ethno-religious injustices that prevent the Hazaras from being true nationals of Afghanistan. With the qualitative analysis from the broader themes of social stratification, ethnicity, religion, and the legacy of silence in the face of oppression, this paper also analyzes the relationships of characters to interpret the age-long structural and hegemonic discriminations the Hazaras face in Afghanistan.Item Corporate Social Responsibility in Higher Education Enhancing Graduate Employability Through Extracurricular Skill Development and Social Accountability.(CIU Journal, 2025-12-19) Dr. Mohammad Faruk Hossain; Jenifer Jamal ChowdhuryThis study explores the relationship between the incorporation of corporate social responsibility and extracurricular activities in tertiary institutions and graduate employability, acquisition of skills, and social responsibility. The modern literature puts an emphasis on the role of extracurricular activities in developing key competencies, which are becoming more and more desired by employers since they are the backbone of career readiness. Such activities help students improve their academic training, flexibility, and confidence, in addition to providing networking possibilities with professionals, which are likely to help them secure a job in the future. Higher education institutions have CSR programs that enhance ethical awareness, civic participation and social responsibility among learners. By having the society engaged, practicing sustainability, and being socially responsible in their research, students gain better insights into their behaviours, as well as the skills of problem-solving socially. These experiences support personal and professional development as he/she would reveal the ability to make moral decisions and positive contributions to the workplace. The study highlights the fact that students are faced with a lot of hurdles to participate in extracurricular activities and corporate social responsibility. Disadvantaged groups are unable to develop these competencies due to corporate and institutional barriers, economic inequalities and cultural limitations, thus leading to an uneven career advancement. The research suggests that Higher education institutions should implement institutional policies and frameworks of structured extracurricular activities and corporate social responsibility in their pedagogical frameworks to improve universal access through employer-community relations. Future scholars need to undertake additional cross-cultural studies to establish the effects of such activities on employability at an international level. Well-integrated and made accessible to all, extracurricular activities and corporate social responsibility programs, on an individual level, increase career opportunities and promote social development in regard to the responsible citizenship agenda of higher education.Item A Critical Discourse Analysis of Barack Obama’s (2004) DNC Keynote Speech: Unfolding the Elements of Social Liberal Ideology(CIU Journal, 2025-12-19) Asiqur RahmanThis paper conducts a critical discourse analysis of the linguistic manifestation of social liberal ideology in Barack Obama’s (2004) Democratic National Convention (DNC) Keynote speech. Grounded in Fairclough’s (2015) discourse theory, Beitz’s (1999) and Shypunov’s (2018) frameworks of social liberalism, as well as Martin’s (2004) positive discourse analysis, the paper examines how Obama’s speech constructs and promotes the key tenets of social liberalism – specifically individual liberty, social justice, unity, and equality – in contrast to the notions of division and inequality prevalent in the context of the USA in 2004. The study utilizes four tools of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA): social actor analysis, metaphors, personal pronouns, and lexical analysis. Specifically, it analyzes how Obama’s (2004) strategies for representing social actors, his use of metaphors, personal pronouns, and lexical choices reflect and reinforce social liberal ideology. Major findings of this analysis reveal that the core principles of social liberalism (individual liberty and social justice) are evident in Obama’s (2004) strategies for representing social actors, his use of metaphors, personal pronouns, and lexical choices. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of how ideology is linguistically encoded and disseminated in political speeches, revealing the complex linguistic mechanisms through which political leaders articulate and promote specific ideologies. This provides valuable insights for future research on political communication and ideological framing.Item Navigating Diasporic Identity and Cultural Hybridity in Dhaka Dust(CIU Journal, 2025-12-19) Samia AfrozItem Volatility in Cryptocurrency Market – Before and During Covid-19 Pandemic(CIU Journal, 2020-12-01) Emon Kalyan Chowdhury1This paper aims to measure the nature of volatility in the cryptocurrency market before and during Covid-19 pandemic period. To achieve this goal, the Wald test, Granger Causality and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (1,1) have been applied considering the daily US dollar dominated closing prices of 15 leading cryptocurrencies and volatility index (VIX- CBOE) from 1 January, 2019 to 5 June, 2020. The presence of structural breaks in all the selected cryptocurrencies is observed which result in erroneous forecasting in cryptocurrency market. The small size of cryptocurrency market hinders the risk diversification. It is further noticed that cryptocurrencies are exposed to the systematic bubble risks and therefore it is very unpredictable. Inclusion of cryptocurrencies in the portfolio along with conventional instruments like stocks, bonds, precious metals, commodities, and paper currencies may gear up the overall return on investment and increase the possibility of risk diversification if necessary investment precautions are taken.Item Performance Requirements and the BITs of Bangladesh and Malaysia: A Comparison(CIU Journal, 2020-12-01) Mohammad Belayet Hossain1, Asmah Laili Bt Yeon2, Ahmad Shamsul Bin Abd. Aziz3In absence of any global treaty, the BITs are playing an important role of regulating FDI in the host countries. According to UNCTAD, 2361 BITs are in force and like other members of the WTO, both Bangladesh and Malaysia also signed their BITs to facilitate trade. The primary purpose of economic globalization is the economic development of the developing and least-developed countries as well as the facilitation of benefits of the home states. In this article, the BITs signed between Bangladesh- Malaysia and by both Bangladesh and Malaysia with the same countries shall be analysed. The findings of this study will show that both Bangladesh and Malaysia BITs has provisions of protecting FDI but has no specific reference to performance requirements (except Malaysia-Germany BIT). This is significant because without written regulations, it will be difficult to take legal action against the MNEs. Therefore, the government should emphasize on this important factor while signing any future BITs. Recommendations are provided for consideration.